Ratchet-wrench.



No. 888,420. PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.

A. J. CAMPBELL.

RATGHET' WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED 001a, 1907.

2 anus-45mm 1.

' wit" ecu:

attomwy No. 888,420. PATENTBD MAY 19, 1903. A. J. CAMPBELL.

RATGHET WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED OCT. a, 1007.

2 SHEETS-SHEET z.

anneal z ing the other ratchet.

ANDREW .l. CAMPBELL, OI LOVELOCK,

CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR Ol ONE-HALF TO EDWIN BERG, OF LOVELOCK, CALIFORNIA.

RATCHET-WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 19, 1908.

Application filed October 8, 1907. Serial No. 396,492.

To all whom it ma 1 concern:

Be it known that 1, ANDREW J. CAMPBELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lovelock, in the county of Butte, State of California, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchetrcnches; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to wrenches and has for its object to provide awrench which may be manufactured cheaply, is simple in construction, andellicient in operation.

More particularly it relates to that class ol wrenches known as ratchetwrenches" and has for a further object a mode of operation which willallow the head ol the wrench to be turned in either direction or to beheld rigid as is desired.

The arrangement ol' different parts and their operation will be moreclearly (,lescribed hereafter.

In the drawingsFigure l is a top plan view of the wrench embodying myinvention. F 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3' shows a top planview 01 my wrench with the cover or casing removed and the pawloperating mechanism in place. A longitudinal section view on the lines2'2 is shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 5 is a detail cross section view of theratchet head showing one of the ratchets. Fig. 6 is a similar view show-Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the wrench attachment.

In the drawings the handle ol my wrench is indicated by the numeral ll).Adjacent its head the handle is recessed as at 15. At the lower end ofthe said recessed portion the handle is beveled so as to receive pawls1-1. This beveled portion forming a bearing tor the enlarged ends of thepawls. The head portion is enlarged and beveled at the same angle as thebevel in the lower part of the recess andlorms a bearing for the upperends of said pawls. A minor recess 16 is located I within the abovementioned recessed portion for the reception of the pawl operatingmechanism.

Detachable covers or casings ll for the wrench are provided havingprojecting flanges l8 and a central opening 19. The said covers alsohave openings 28 and 29 to allow the pawl operating mechanism to projectthrough. A ratchet wheel 2-0, is pro vided with a central opening, thesaid opening being either the shape of the nut it is de sired to use thewrench on or so formed that it may receive an attachment as shown bynumeral 21. Around the said opening in the ratchet wheel, are journalbearings 22.

The ratchet wheel is adapted to set in the openings 19 between the twocovers 11. Midway between the two journal bearings 22 are two ratchets23 and 24 disposed one above the other, the teeth of said ratehetspointing in opposite directions. The above mentioned pawls 14 are madeof heavy spring metal and have enlarged portions at either end as at 25and 26. The enlarged end. 26 being adapted to [it in the bevel portionof the handle and to be secured there by some well known means. Theother enlarged portion 25 bears against the enlarged head of the saidhandle and is sharpened at its extreme end for engagement with theratchet teeth. The pawls on either side are adapted to lie flush withthe outer edges of the covers 11. \Vhile the pawl on one side isadapted. to engage the teeth o'l' one ratchet, the pawl on the oppositeside engages the teeth of the other ratchet. This is accomplished bycutting the pawl away at right angles adjacent its sharpened end, as at26, one of the pawls being cut from the top downwardly and the othervfrom its underside upwardly. The said pa-wls 14 are thrown out ofengagement with the said ratchets 23 and 24 by keys 27 and 27. coversand are adapted to :lit into the above mentioned minor recess, 16, inthe handle. The keys are provided with lugs as at 29 and normally thekeys are turned so that the lugs 29 bear against the recessed portionoi. the handle. The lugs 29 and the keys may be made integral or thelugs may be made separately and secured to or in the key.

It will be observed from the above description that if it is desired toturn the wrench in one direction, one ol the keys is turned, whichthrows the lug against the pawl and forces it out of engagement with theratchet teeth. But ill it is desired to turn in the opposite directionthe other key is turned. Normally the wrench will be held in a rigidposition.

hat I claim and wish to secure Letters Patent on- In a ratchet wrench, ahandle having oppositely disposed recesses at one end, covers These keysproject through the v 1 one member, having its free end engagingdetachably secured at opposite sides of the I gaging the opposite row ofteeth to normally handle, and projecting beyond the latter, at 1 holdthe heel against rotation, and indethe recessed end, said projectingportions of pendent keys having lugs rotatably mounted the cover havingopenings in register with l in the recesses to alternately disengage the15 each other, a ratchet Wheel having its bearmembers from the rows ofteeth.

ings in said openings, oppositely directed In testimony whereofllafiixmy signature, roWs of teeth on the periphery of said Wheel, in presenceof tWo Witnesses.

flat spring members forming paWls secured in l ANDREW J. CAMPBELL.

the recesses at opposite sides of the handle, t l/Vitnesses:

, V. B. HAYFORD,

one row of teeth and the other member en- J. L. THOMPSON.

